The symptoms of prostatitis in men are not specific and specific, as it may seem at first glance. This is why in modern urology and andrology, infertility is increasingly being diagnosed in men of the most active reproductive layer - from 25 to 40 years old. The prostate gland in men is an organ that performs various functions: blockage, regulation of blood clotting, endocrine, reproductive, cooperative (sexual), the role of the bladder sphincter. The signs of prostatitis in men and its symptoms are multifaceted, especially in the chronic form - they cover all the functions of the organ and often make it difficult to diagnose.
Symptoms of acute prostatitis in men
What symptoms of prostatitis in men should make you pay attention to them and go to the doctor? Every man, especially at a young and sexually active age, should be aware of the signs of inflammation of the lower genitalia and the possible clinic of an onset of prostate disease. Many young people postpone a visit to a urologist thinking that the disease belongs to an older age group.
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Inflammation of the prostate is based on a complex of factors that begin to act exactly at the age of 20-30 years.
- Sexually transmitted infections are the first thing that triggers an active or slow inflammatory process. Chlamydia, mycoplasma infection, gonorrhea, hair follicles, gardnerellosis initiate urethritis, against which it is possible to develop inflammation of the gland. The viruses of herpes simplex, human papilloma, CMV, if they did not cause inflammation of the gland, then they significantly worsen the course of STDs and "open the way" for bacteria in the tissue of the organ. In the context of genital infections, the opportunistic flora (staphylococci, Escherichia coli) often leads to prostate disease. When diagnosed, mixed flora is often found.
- Work accompanied by prolonged sitting is one of the factors causing the disease. Such occupational hazards or habits adversely affect prostate health.
- Arrhythmic sex life - its rarity or accident, psychological problems that cause delayed or absent ejaculation, erectile dysfunction, frequent masturbation - significantly upset the balance of arterial and venous blood flow to the gland.
- The effect of cold on the lumbar region, abdomen and limbs - winter sports and leisure, occupational hazards associated with hypothermia, trigger irreversible changes in glandular tissues.
Sexually transmitted infections, chronic hypothermia, stagnation of venous blood and prostate secretions lay the foundation for the development of chronic prostatitis. . . The symptoms of inflammation of prostatitis of various forms are combined in three syndromes: painful, sexual and dysuric (urinary disorder). The predominance of one of them is the reason for a visit to a doctor - urologist, sexologist, therapist or surgeon. The vigilance and qualifications of the doctor will determine the speed of the healing process.
Acute prostatitis, the symptoms of which are observed after or simultaneously with an active infection of the genitals, are characterized by the following:
- Discomfort and pain when urinating.
- Cut at the beginning or end of urination.
- Frequent and false urge to use the toilet.
- Pain around the anus, especially when sitting.
- Pain during defecation, feeling of fullness in the rectum.
- Mucous secretion from the urethra.
- Abdominal pain radiating to the thigh, scrotum, back.
- Fever.
- Sexual dysfunction.
Each patient has a different degree of severity of symptoms. Also, only one specific symptom can prevail. However, often the acute procedure proceeds with minimal symptoms, which ensures frequent chronicity and an increase in the number of localized cases of chronic prostatitis.
The first signs of prostatitis
Symptoms of the onset of prostatitis appear in young men under the guise of acute respiratory infections or in the form of a classic genital infection. Depending on the type of pathogen, the signs of an acute process may be bright or clear.
Symptoms of prostatitis in men, starting with gonococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, as well as with nosocomial infection (after manipulations in the urinary system) are characterized by the following:
- The patient is abruptly occupied by a shiver, which lasts from half to two hours and ends with sweating.
- The temperature rises to 38 - 40 ° C.
- It is characterized by weakness, severe weakness.
The first symptoms of prostatitis in men may not be accompanied by the characteristic pain in the pelvic area, rectum and groin. . . Also, sexual weakness is not typical. In contrast, bluetongue is manifested by excessive arousal and premature ejaculation.
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Urogenital chlamydia, which often causes chronic prostatitis, initially has only mild dysuric symptoms.
How does prostatitis manifest in men, which starts from hematogenous or lymphogenic entry of flora into the prostate tissue? This type of disease that accompanies general bodily infectious diseases (sinusitis, sore throat, pneumonia, abscesses, pustular skin diseases) may not be perceived by the patient. Against the background of the underlying disease, the temperature rises again and the symptoms of intoxication increase, mild dysuric phenomena and abdominal pain may develop.
Symptoms of chronic prostatitis in men
Bacterial or viral, congestive or infectious chronic prostatitis, the symptoms of which vary, are united by the fact that inflammatory processes, although caused by different activating factors, lead to three main manifestations:
- Pain syndrome.
- Disorder of urination.
- Sexual dysfunction.
Symptoms of pain with prostatitis are also divided into three types:
- Exogenous - pain in the rectum, lower back, abdomen is typical.
- Pelvic - pain symptoms do not appear as they are, but there is intense itching in the anus, tingling, hallucinations, irritability, excessive sweating - this is due to the involvement of the pelvic nerve plexuses in the process.
- Genitals - pain in the scrotum, lumbar spine, testicles, groin and perineum.
- Mixed.
The symptoms of prostatitis pain form such a concept as "chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men".
Symptoms of inflammation of the chronic form of the prostate gland are accompanied by violation and suppression of erection, ejaculation and decreased libido. Against this background, a nerve-like syndrome is formed, which proceeds according to the sympathetic or parasympathetic type. The first is characterized by heart attacks, fever, night fever, sudden mood swings, inattention. For the second - drowsiness during the day, fatigue, insomnia at night, hypochondria, sweating, weight gain, swelling in the throat, excessive salivation.
Among the dysuric phenomena, there is an increase in urination, difficulty in emptying the bladder, dripping and lethargy of the stream. Such signs bear a strong resemblance to an adenoma, which sometimes complicates the diagnosis.
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Chronic prostatitis in men after 45 years often occurs at the same time as prostate hyperplasia.
In the chronic form there is spermatorrhea and prostaturia - the secretion of prostate secretion from the urethra in combination with semen due to atony of organs.
Asymptomatic prostatitis
Inflammation of the prostate is not always accidental. Often, a man learns about an illness, for example, when he performs ultrasound diagnostics when designing a child. They find calcifications in the prostate tissues, destroyed pores, enlargement or shrinkage of the gland, sclerosis, disturbance of blood flow according to Doppler ultrasound, varicose veins of the prostate gland and small pelvis.
Symptomatic prostatitis develops in young men after genital infections, especially urogenital chlamydia and mycoplasmosis.Asymptomatic prostatitis is particularly common after inadequate and incomplete treatment of these diseases. Frequently a sperm test reveals a reduction in the number of germ cells, a decrease in active motor cells, adhesion, and a decrease in lecithin granules. Periodic sexual failures are possible, to which the man does not pay attention.
Symptoms of exacerbation of prostatitis
An exacerbation of chronic prostatitis develops when exposed to adverse provoking factors - general physical illness, hypothermia, irregular sexual activity, alcohol abuse, exacerbation of infectious diseases of the urogenital organs, rectum.
The symptoms of an outbreak of prostatitis in men are similar to the onset of the disease. Rising temperature, general malaise, fatigue, weakness, chills come to the fore. Pain in the anus, the feeling of fullness in the rectum, the lumbar spine in the groin, the perineum increase. Sexual dysfunction and nervousness also get worse. When they go to the toilet, patients experience difficulty and increased urination, weakening of the current, pain.
Characteristics of the course of certain types of prostatitis
How does prostatitis manifest in men in its various varieties? Conventionally, different types of disease are distinguished, depending on the prevailing process: infectious, bacterial, stagnant, purulent.
Infectious and bacterial prostatitis
The concept includes various nosological forms of the disease, or rather varies depending on the types of pathogens. Infectious prostatitis, the symptoms of which can only be caused by pathogenic bacteria and viruses, can start from sexually transmitted and opportunistic flora. Conditionally pathogenic microorganisms that normally reside in the male urogenital system cause disease only with adverse factors. Most often, when sowing semen and urine, Escherichia coli, staphylococcus, enterococcus are detected. This is bacterial prostatitis.
Infectious prostatitis is recorded in the vast majority of young people.This type of inflammation of the prostate gland most often causes chronicity and leads to infertility.
The clinical picture is characterized by higher brightness with gonorrhea and chlamydia, mycoplasmosis and opportunistic pathogens, the symptoms are rare, therefore often lead to chronic prostatitis.
Purulent prostatitis
The pyogenic flora is represented by gonococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, a staphylococcus strain resistant to methicillin. These microorganisms secrete a number of destructive enzymes, are characterized by aggression to prostate tissues and therefore initiate purulent fusion.Often, purulent prostatitis ends with abscess, phlegm, paraprostatitis, paraproctitis.
The purulent process often starts with bacteria that have entered the prostate gland in the following ways:
- From purulent foci to other organs.
- For medical interventions on the urogenital organs. The hospital flora is characterized by multiple resistance to antibiotics, so it leads to purulent prostatitis.
Purulent prostatitis, the symptoms of which are most striking, often causes complications: urinary and vesicular-intestinal fistulas. And also such bacteria easily penetrate the ascending pathway to the kidneys, pelvis and calyxes, causing their chronic inflammation.
Congestive prostatitis
The individual course of this type of disease is practically ruled out, as in the context of stagnant processes, the microbial flora attaches and this type acquires an infectious form of the course. Most of the time, urologists make such a diagnosis if no bacteria were isolated in the biomaterial inoculation. As a rule, an analysis performed after 2-3 weeks will already give a positive result for the bacterial flora.
Venous blood stasis is often observed with varicose veins, rectal pathology, pelvic tumors, hypotension. Violation of the outflow of prostate secretion, which is more often observed in sexual dysfunction and irregular sexual activity, leads to stagnation and conditions for inflammation.Congestive prostatitis, the symptoms of which coincide with infectious inflammation, are inextricably linked and follow one another.The symptoms will be complemented by varicose veins and lesions of the rectum.
Obviously, in the chronic form of prostatitis the manifestations may be non-specific in nature, which requires a thorough comprehensive diagnosis.
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Any signs of genital infection in a man should be a reason to contact a urologist or venereologist for treatment.
Self-medication or neglect of the condition can serve as a boost for the formation of a chronic form.